SAR Target Detection Method Based On Empirical Mode Decomposition

Abstract. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is a new signal processing theory, and it is very much fitting for non-stationary signal processing, such as radar signal. So this paper proposes the new synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image target detection algorithm after analyzing the characteristics of EMD and SAR images. The proposed method performs the EMD operation, feature extraction, election and fusion, which can reduce the affection of speckle. Experimental results show that the proposed method is very effective

Prognostic significance of the dynamic changes of systemic inflammatory response in metastatic renal cell carcinoma

ABSTRACT Purpose: To elucidate the prognostic value of systemic inflammatory response in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) who are treated with sunitinib, we evaluated the prognostic role of C-reactive protein (CRP) kinetics. This study also compared prognostic models containing CRP kinetics and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) kinetics. Materials and Methods: A consecutive cohort of 94 patients with mRCC who were treated with sunitinib was retrospectively included from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. According to dynamic changes in CRP and the NLR, patients were divided into three groups for analysis of CRP and NLR kinetics. The associations between survival and potential prognostic factors were assessed. The incremental value of prognostication was evaluated. Results: A significant difference (P<0.001) in overall survival (OS) was observed among the three groups of CRP kinetics. The median OS of the non-elevated group was nearly 1.3-fold longer than that of the normalized group (33.0 vs. 26.3 months), and two times longer than that of the non-normalized group (33.0 vs. 14.0 months). Multivariate analysis showed that CRP and NLR kinetics were independent prognostic indicators. The model containing CRP kinetics had a better predictive accuracy than that with NLR kinetics, which was supported by the C-index (0.731 vs. 0.684) and the likelihood ratio χ2 test (79.9% vs. 44.9%). Conclusion: Our study suggests that dynamic changes in CRP can better predict survival in patients with mRCC who are treated with sunitinib. Routine assessment of CRP before and after targeted therapy would help identify patients at risk of a poor outcome

Prospective clinical sequencing of 1016 Chinese prostate cancer patients: uncovering genomic characterization and race disparity

Although there is a well‐known disparity in prostate cancer (PC) incidence and mortality between Chinese and Western patients, the underlying genomic differences have been investigated only sparsely. This clinicogenomic study was conducted to reveal the genomic mutations contributing to the PC disparity across ethnicities and investigate the mutational profile of Chinese PC patients. A total of 1016 Chinese PC patients were prospectively enrolled and subjected to targeted sequencing, resulting in usable sequencing data for 41 genes from 859 patients. Genomic data retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; locoregional PC), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center [MSKCC; metastatic castration‐sensitive PC (mCSPC)], and Stand Up To Cancer [SU2C; metastatic castration‐resistant PC (mCRPC)] cohorts were used as comparators representing Western men. Genomic mutations were analyzed using an integrated bioinformatic strategy. A comparison of the disease stages revealed that mutations in tumor protein 53 (TP53), androgen receptor (AR), forkhead box A1 (FOXA1), and genes involved in the cell cycle pathway were enriched in mCRPC. Mutations in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene were found to be more prevalent in patients with visceral metastasis. Genomic differences between Western and Chinese men were mainly observed in castration‐sensitive PC, with tumors from Chinese men having more FOXA1 (11.4% vs. 4.2%) but fewer TP53 (4.8% vs. 13%) mutations in locoregional PC and harboring fewer TP53 (11% vs. 29.2%), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN; 2.5% vs. 10.3%), and APC (1.7% vs. 7.4%) mutations in the mCSPC stage than those of Western men. Patients of both ethnicities with mCRPC had similar mutational spectra. Furthermore, FOXA1 class‐2 was less common than FOXA1 class‐1 and showed no enrichment in metastasis, contrary to the findings in the Western cohort. Our study provides a valuable resource for a better understanding of PC in China and reveals the genomic alterations associated with PC disparity across races